In this Spring Security Tutorial, we will build a Simple Spring MVC Hello World application integrated with Spring Security features. In this application, we will be dealing with two major security areas Authentication and Authorization.
- Authentication – It is nothing but validating whether the user is a valid user or not.
- Authorization – Deciding whether the particular user is allowed to perform a certain activity in the application or not.
Let’s build Spring MVC application with the home page which will be accessible to everyone, and we will be having admin page which will be accessible to only to the user with admin rights. When the user tries to access the admin page he will be asked to log in, if the credentials entered matches the admin privilege then only he will be allowed in.
Folder Structure:
- Create a simple Maven Project “SpringSecurityTutorial” and create a package for our source files “com.javainterviewpoint” under src/main/java
- Now add the following dependency in the POM.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.javainterviewpoint</groupId> <artifactId>SpringSecurityTutorial</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>SpringSecurityTutorial Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring Security --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId> <version>${security.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId> <version>${security.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId> <version>${security.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>SpringSecurityTutorial</finalName> </build> <properties> <spring.version>4.2.1.RELEASE</spring.version> <security.version>4.0.3.RELEASE</security.version> <jdk.version>1.7</jdk.version> </properties> </project> - Create the Java class HelloController.java under com.javainterviewpoint folder.
- Place the SpringConfig-servlet.xml,SpringSecurity.xml and web.xml under the WEB-INF directory
- View files index.jsp, hello.jsp, and admin.jsp are put under the sub directory under WEB-INF/Jsp
Spring Security Tutorial – Hello World
web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>SpringConfig</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> /WEB-INF/SpringConfig-servlet.xml </param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SpringConfig</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <!-- Loads Spring Security configuration file --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> /WEB-INF/SpringConfig-servlet.xml </param-value> </context-param> <!-- Spring Security filter --> <filter> <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
- The web.xml has everything about the application that a server needs to know, which is placed under the WEB-INF directory. It contains the name of the SpringConfiguration file, when the DispatcherServlet is initialized the framework will try to load a configuration file “[servlet-name]-servlet.xml” under the WEB-INF directory. We will also be mentioning the location of the SpringSecurity.xml
- Spring Security depends on the Servlet filter, we will be using the filter “DelegatingFilterProxy” which provides the link between web.xml and application context. (Note : The filter name should only be “springSecurityFilterChain” )
SpringConfig-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.javainterviewpoint" /> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/Jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
- The SpringConfig-servlet.xml is also placed under the WEB-INF directory.
- <context:component-scan> will let the Spring Container to search for all the annotation under the package “com.javainteriviewpoint”.
- <mvc:annotation-driven/> annotation will activate the @Controller, @RequestMapping, @Valid etc annotations.
- The view is resolved through “org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver” which searches for the jsp files under the /WEB-INF/Jsp/ directory.
SpringSecurity.xml
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.2.xsd">
<http auto-config="true">
<intercept-url pattern="/admin**" access="hasRole('ROLE_ADMIN')" />
</http>
<authentication-manager>
<authentication-provider>
<user-service>
<user name="jip" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_ADMIN" />
</user-service>
</authentication-provider>
</authentication-manager>
</beans:beans>
- The <http> tag allows you to configure the Security Settings and access constraints for the web application.
- we have set the auto-config attribute as “true” this gives you the basic security configuration.
<http>
<form-login />
<http-basic />
<logout />
</http>- The <intercept-url> element defines the pattern which will be matched against the URLs of the incoming requests, the access attribute validates the role which is required for accessing the URL.
- <authentication-manager> tag has authentication properties through which the user will have access to different pages.
- <authentication-provider> tag specifies the username and password. For our application, we have used the username as “test” and Password as “test” and the authority as “ROLE_ADMIN”
HelloController.java
package com.javainterviewpoint;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class HelloController
{
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public ModelAndView hello()
{
String welcomeMessage = "Hello controller Welcome Message";
return new ModelAndView("hello","welcomeMessage",welcomeMessage);
}
@RequestMapping("/admin")
public ModelAndView admin()
{
String welcomeMessage = "Welcome to Admin Page !!";
return new ModelAndView("admin","welcomeMessage",welcomeMessage);
}
}
- Our HelloController has two methods
- hello() – when the user hits on the URL “/hello” this method gets called and the user will be redirected to the “hello.jsp”
- admin() – when the user hits on the URL “/admin” this method gets called and the user will be redirected to the login page, only when the user keys in a valid credentials he will be allowed see the “admin.jsp”.
index.jsp
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%response.sendRedirect("hello");%>
Hello World!
hello.jsp
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>Spring Security
Spring Security Tutorial Hello World Example !!!
${welcomeMessage}
Admin Page || “>Logout
admin.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%> Spring Security Tutorial - Admin Page
${welcomeMessage}
Output
Hit on the URL : http://localhost:8080/SpringSecurityTutorial/hello
Hit on the URL : http://localhost:8080/SpringSecurityTutorial/admin
You will be asked to login, if invalid password is entered you will get the below error.
Only when you enter the valid credentials you will be allowed to see the admin page.
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